I. The Hidden Threats and Consequences of Hypertension
- Hypertension is often dubbed the "silent killer," as it insidiously damages the heart, brain, and kidneys over time; its prevalence is high, yet most remain unaware of their condition.
- According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare’s 2023 mortality statistics, diseases related to hypertension (such as heart disease, stroke, and hypertension itself) rank as the 2nd, 4th, and 7th leading causes of death in Taiwan, with approximately one in every four to five fatalities linked to hypertension.
II. What Constitutes the "722 Blood Pressure Measurement Principle"?
- 722Principle is an internationally endorsed home blood pressure monitoring method, simple to remember and highly accurate:
- 7: Measure blood pressure consecutively for 7 days (minimum 4 days)
- 2: Take one measurement each morning and evening daily
- 2: Take two readings per session, spaced one minute apart
- Recommended measurement times are within one hour of waking (after urination, before medication) and within one hour before bedtime; record both readings each time, then calculate the "average blood pressure" excluding the first day's values, which serves as a basis for physicians to diagnose and adjust treatment.
III. How to Ensure Measurement Accuracy?
- Use an upper-arm electronic blood pressure monitor (more precise); avoid wrist or finger devices which are susceptible to positional errors.
- Rest seated quietly for 5 minutes before measurement; maintain proper posture with feet flat on the floor and arm at heart level.
- Remain silent, still, and refrain from looking at your phone during measurement to avoid interference with readings.
- Take two measurements each time and average the results; consistently use the same device and measure at the same time and posture for more reliable reference.
IV. Why Is Home Blood Pressure Monitoring More Reliable Than Clinic Measurements?
- Clinic measurements often encounter "white coat hypertension" and "masked hypertension" phenomena.
- Home monitoring more accurately reflects true blood pressure, especially capturing early morning fluctuations.
V. Blood Pressure Standards and Recommended Measurement Frequency
- Blood Pressure Classification (according to the World Health Organization):
| Category | Systolic Pressure (mmHg) | Diastolic Pressure (mmHg) |
|---|---|---|
| Normal | <120 | <80 |
| Elevated | 120–139 | 80–89 |
| Hypertension | ≥140 | ≥90 |
- Recommended Blood Pressure Measurement Frequency by Condition:
- Individuals with normal blood pressure: measure once annually using the 722 method.
- Those with elevated blood pressure: recommended to measure every six months using the 722 method.
- Newly diagnosed hypertensive patients: initially measure once with the 722 method, then every three months once stabilized.
- Patients beginning or adjusting medication: re-measure with the 722 method two weeks later to assess efficacy.
- Those with history of stroke, heart disease, kidney disease, or poorly controlled blood pressure: advised to measure monthly using the 722 method.
- Busy individuals unable to measure daily: measuring at least once weekly, twice each time, remains beneficial for health monitoring.
VI. The S‑ABCDE Principle: Daily Blood Pressure Management
Beyond pharmacological control, managing hypertension necessitates lifestyle modifications, aided by the mnemonic "S-ABCDE":
- S: Reduce salt intake (no more than 6g daily), avoid soy sauce, processed foods, and instant noodles.
- A: Limit alcohol consumption (men ≤ 2 drinks per day, women ≤ 1 drink per day).
- B: Maintain healthy weight and waist circumference (men < 90cm, women < 80cm).
- C: Cease smoking (nicotine elevates blood pressure and damages blood vessels).
- D: Adopt a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
- E: Engage in regular physical activity (accumulate 150 minutes weekly of moderate-intensity exercise such as brisk walking or swimming).
Summary Recommendations
- Adopting the 722 home blood pressure monitoring method enables a more authentic grasp of blood pressure trends, enhancing opportunities for early detection and effective treatment.
- Accurate measurement techniques and frequency, combined with lifestyle adjustments guided by the S‑ABCDE mnemonic, are pivotal for long-term cardiovascular health maintenance.
- Incorporate blood pressure measurement into your daily household routine to safeguard the well-being and peace of mind of yourself and your loved ones.
